Indian Independence Movement..........!

The Indian Independence Movement incorporated the efforts by Indians to liberate the region from British rule and form the nation-state of India. It involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and rebellions between 1857 and India's emergence as a unified nation-state on August 15, 1947. The Indian independence movement incorporated the efforts by Indians to liberate the region from British rule and form the nation-state of India. It involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and rebellions between 1857 and India's emergence as a unified nation-state on August 15, 1947.

The initial Indian Rebellion of 1857 was sparked when soldiers serving in the BritishEast India Company's British Army and Indian kingdoms rebelled against the British. After the revolt was crushed, the British partitioned the region into British India and the Princely States. They tried to develop a class of educated elites, whose political organizing sought Indian political rights and representation. However, increasing public disenchantment with the British authority — their curtailing of Indian civil liberties (such as the Rowlatt Act), political rights, and culture as well as their avoidance of basic issues facing common Indians and an essential nonacceptance of foreign occupation — led to an upsurge in revolutionary activities aimed at overthrowing the European colonial powers, particularly the British.

The movement came to a head between 1918 and 1922 when the first series of non-violent campaigns of civil disobedience were launched by the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mohandas Gandhi — whose methods were to a large extent inspired by the philosophy and methods of Baba Ram Singh, a Sikh who led the Kuka Movement in the Punjab in the 1870s. Gandhi's movement came to encompass people from across India and across all walks of life. These initial civil disobedience movements soon came to be the driving force that ultimately shaped the cultural, religious, and political unity of a diverse nation.

Committing itself to Purna Swaraj in 1930, the Congress led mass struggles between 1930 and 1932. By the late 1930s, however, with growing disenchantments over the delaying tactics of the Raj and the Congress's failure to extract commitment on self-rule and political independence, a faction within the movement turned towards more radical ideas of Subhash Chandra Bose. Bose's actions proved controversial among the Congress party but popular within the Indian populace, when Bose defeated Gandhi's candidate in leadership elections in the Tripuri Session of the Congress Working Committee. However, this was the parting of ways between the radicals and the conservatives. Bose left the Congress to found his own party during the war, seeking first Soviet and then Axis help to raise a liberation force. The raising of the Indian National Army in 1942 by Subhash Chandra Bose would see a unique military campaign to end British rule. Following the trial of Indian National Army officers at the Red Fort, mutinies broke out in the navy, in the Air Force, and in the army. The Congress also led a civil disobedience movement in 1942 demanding that the British leave India (a movement called the Quit India Movement). Following these and widespread communal rioting in Calcutta, the Raj ended on the mid-night of 15th August, 1947, but only at the expense of thepartition of the country into India and Pakistan.

A Magnificent Monument of Nature and Some Unknown facts...!

A Magnificent Monumentof Nature

Being the world's highest mountain chain, the Himalayas is characterized by its great height, complex geologic structure, snowcapped peaks, large valley glaciers, deep river gorges, and rich vegetation.

Himalayas is a magnificent monument on the Earth. It represents the awe-inspiring power, beauty, and grandeur of Nature. It constitutes the greatest attraction to adventurers, climbers and trekkers throughout the world.

The Great Himalayas have always had a touch mystique to them. Standing tall majestic, with snowcapped mountain peaks, valleys, glaciers, rivers, and varied and rich vegetation, this mountain range is a symbol of beauty. It is this mystic beauty of the Himalayas that has attracted people from across the globe to experience and explore this natural masterpiece.

Here are some lesser known Himalayas facts :

  

 ü The Himalayan mountain system is believed to be one of the youngest mountain systems stretching across six different countries namely Bhutan, Tibet, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Afghanistan.

 ü Geologists have performed tests over years to prove that The Himalayas are geologically alive. The mammoth mountain range is said to be moving approximately 20mm every year!

 ü Owing to this constant change and development of the Himalayan Mountains, the entire region is highly prone to landslides, earthquakes and tremors.

 ü  It is believed that around 70 million years ago, there was a massive collision between India and Asia resulting in globe changing repercussions. The Great Himalayas was one such creation, caused by the explosive collision of the two land masses.

 ü This huge mountain range, served as a natural barrier for thousands of years preventing early interactions between the nationals of India, China and Mongolia

 ü This snow capped mountains were rightly named as Himalayas. This translates into ‘the abode of snow’.

 ü  Himalayas stretches over 75% of Nepal. Of the fifteen highest mountain peaks in the World, nine of them are contained within the Nepal Himalayas.

 ü The Nepalese prefer to call Mt. Everest as “Samgarmatha” which translates into ‘Goddess of the Universe’ or ‘Foreheadof the Sky’.

 ü Tenzing, the first person to ascent to the summit along with Edmund, is said to have buried his daughter’s red and blue pencils on the top of Everest.

 ü Climbing up to the peak of Mount Everest on the Himalayas is every mountaineer’s ultimate test of endurance and stamina.  Everest has a death rate for climbers in the region of 9%. And it is recorded that approximately 150 people have died in their expedition of climbing up the Mount Everest so far.

 ü The three major rivers of the world, namely the Indus River, The Ganges and Brahmaputra and River Yangtze originate from the Himalayas range. And it is also believed that these Himalayan Rivers are older than the Himalayan peaks itself.

   

The lofty Himalayas make a dramatic statement on the topography of the Earth. An enchanting gift of Mother Nature, this mountain system is not just a popular

holiday destination, but also a treasure chest of unexplored areas waiting to be found by adventurous mountaineers. It’s always fun to read about lesser known himalayas facts when so much is written about Himalayas.

If you are looking to walk down green and flowery meadows and climb your way up the rugged mountains and explore, then Himalayas is the perfect destination for you.

Know the Meaning of junagadh....To know Read this.

Junagadh

A host of interesting things and facts about the city and municipality in the state of Gujarat unveils as we learn about Junagadh. The city is located at the base of the Girnar Hills and is the headquarters of the namesake district of Gujarat.

 

Delving into the past, one discovers that the name Junagadh means Old Fort. The Mauriyans, the Kshatrapas, the Guptas had reigned in this region. Though there are many Muslims who have settled in Junagadh at the time of Partition of India, Hinduism is the predominant religion. One remarkable thing about Junagadh is it splendid architecture. The city's architecture stands well manifested in its monuments and buildings.

Junagadh has diverse weather conditions throughout the year. The climate of Junagadh is characterized by very hot summers and chilly winters. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the state of Gujarat, resulting in such variations in climatic conditions. The city also enjoys a soothing effect on the weather due to the influence of the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Cambay.

One can travel to Junagadh by rail and road. Though Junagadh does not have an airport of its own, the Keshod Airport, which is located at a distance of 40 kilometers from the city, connects this part of the world with the rest of the country. From the Keshod Airport, there are local means of transportation that will transport one to Junagadh.