Delhi has seen the
advent of several kingdoms. Some of these were born and brought up in the Indian soil itself. The other kingdoms
came to India as guests or for
business and ended up conquering India. MughalDynasty was one of the biggest dynasties which conquered India. The Mughal
Dynasty or the Mogul Empire, as it is commonly known as, was Indian- Islamic
kingdom which began in 1526.
After
the Timurids, the Mughals came to the forefront as the rulers. They were the
descendents of the Timurids. The Mughal Dynasty ruled India from the 16th
century till the 18th century. Towards the end of the 19th century, they
existed as powerless entities.
Delhi
saw a change in the rule with the coming of the Mughal dynasty. The Mughal
dynasty set its foot in India under the guidance of Mughal Emperor Babur. He
first captured Punjab with his army and then aimed at the capital Delhi. Delhi
and a major part of India then belonged to Ibrahim Lodhi, who was the Delhi
sultan. Babur already had Afghanistan under his kingship, but he later quenched
his thirst of more places after capturing Indian regions. With Babur, came the
Mughal Empire to Delhi as well as other places.
Mughal
Empire had one of the longest rules in India. The word Mughal had come up from
the homeland of the Mughal, called Moghulistan. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in
the famous battle of Panipat. He then defeated Rana Sanga of Chittor.
Initially,
with the advent of the Mughal in India, there were several confusions. The
Mughal dynasty had brought in the Persian culture along with them. They were
Turks but they had a lot of Persian effect on them too. India too got a taste
of this Persian and Turkish taste in many ways.
Mughal
were people of good taste. They did bring in barbarous ways of administration
in the initial and the later years. But, they also touched Delhi and its
neighboring places with some excellent Mughal art. Babur and his successors had
great love for art in terms of monuments, sculptures, mosques, gardens and so
on. The Mughal dynasty contributed a lot to the India in terms of Persian art.
There are remarkable monuments such as the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Humayun’s
Tomb, and Fatehpur Sikri and so on.
Zaheeruddin
Muhammad Babur was the first Mughal Emperor in India. He was succeeded by his
eldest son, Nasiruddin Muhammad Humayun, who was known as the ailing and less
brave prince. In a battle with the famous Sher Shah Suri, Humayun fled from the
battlefield. He died at an early age and was succeeded by his 13 year old,
chivalrous son, Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar. Akbar was the strongest and most
powerful of all the Mughal Emperors who followed after him or who ruled before
him. He not only won several battles but also won acclaim as a great ruler.
This great Mughal Emperor was succeeded by Nooruddin Muhammad Jahangir. He was
more of an alcoholic and a lover of beauty. The throne was mainly managed by
his wife Noor Jahan. Jahangir was then succeeded by his son, Shahaabuddin
Muhammad Shah Jahan. He became famous for his love of art and architecture.
Under him, several great monuments came up in Agra and Delhi. He was not a
great ruler and thus came under the domination of one of his sons, Moinhuddin
Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir. Aurangzeb is known as a cruel Mughal Emperor. But
he was also a great conqueror and spread his kingdom to cover more of India.
Last important Mughal Dynasty ruler was Bahadur Shah Zafar was deposed by the
British Government for conspiring against them.
Mughal
Dynasty conquered India with an intention to rule. They did so but also gifted India
and specially Delhi, with some great work of architecture.
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